Track wheel development history

The wheel development process is divided into manufacturing methods, which can be divided into steel wheels and cast steel wheels.

Tantalum steel wheels: They are manufactured by rolling and round billets. From the current scope of use in China, the wheels of Handan Iron and Steel are suitable for locomotive passenger cars and trucks. The steel wheels made of steel ingots are usually subjected to one or several heating and multiple rolling. Manufacturing a silicon steel wheel consumes more heat than a directly cast wheel.

Cast steel wheels: It is directly cast from molten steel. Domestic cast steel wheels are only used for freight trains, and foreign countries are also used for locomotives and buses. Compared with the steel wheels, the cast steel wheels have the characteristics of short process flow, relatively simple equipment process, few operators, high production efficiency and low production and management costs.

In the 1970s, the main products of truck wheels were made of 84 wheel type according to the "two agreements" of the Ministry of Metallurgy and the Ministry of Railways. They have been in the form of oblique webs, the treads are tapered treads, and the webs are unprocessed raw rolling. On the surface, the wheel web is provided with two process holes of 45 mm in diameter. For the 840D wheel structure, it can not meet the speed and heavy demand of railway wagons. The 21t axle weight S-shaped spoke wheel—HDS type wheel, completely eliminates the wheel web hole in the design and eliminates the stress concentration caused by the edge of the web hole. Safety hazard, better radial elasticity, greater load carrying capacity and better resistance to thermal cracking than straight spoke wheels.

In the mid-1990s, the Ministry of Railways imported cast steel wheels from the United States and selected the products of only two world-famous cast steel wheel manufacturers (ABC and GRIFFIN). The import technology standard adopted the American AARM10720 Lu. standard. Through the tracking and inspection of imported cast steel wheels, and the production of TB/T1013-1999 "Technical Conditions for Carbon Cast Steel Wheels", the production of cast steel wagon wheels began in China.

The future development direction of railway wagons is to increase the load, reduce the weight, reduce the self-weight, and reduce the self-weight. In addition to reducing the weight of the car body, it is important to reduce the weight of the vehicle spring. Since the wheel is difficult to achieve weight reduction technology in the parts such as the web and the wheel, it is difficult to refer to foreign technology, and the multiple wear wheel is changed to the primary wear wheel (ie the thickness of the rim is changed from 65mm to 50mm), and other parts are optimized. design.

In 2005, with the support of the Science and Technology Department of the Ministry of Railways and the Equipment Department of the Transportation Bureau, the Institute of Railway Science Institute Standardization Institute, Jinhua Institute and Maanshan Iron and Steel Company began to jointly develop and formulate a new wheel technology standard system. Analyze the problems existing in China's current wheel technology standards, and at the same time organize tests to verify the relevant technical indicators of the wheel standards, and propose revised plans for new standards based on actual operations in China.