What is milling
CNC lathes can process complex rotary shapes. Milling is to fix the blank, and use a high-speed rotating milling cutter to run on the blank to cut out the required shapes and features. Traditional milling is mostly used to mill simple contour features such as contours and slots. CNC milling machines can process complex shapes and features. The milling and boring machining center can perform three-axis or multi-axis milling and boring processing for machining, molds, inspection tools, tire tools, thin-walled complex surfaces, artificial prostheses, blades, etc. When selecting CNC milling processing content, the advantages and key roles of CNC milling machines should be fully utilized.
Process introduction
A common metal cold working method, which is different from turning is that in milling, the tool rotates at high speed under the drive of the spindle, while the workpiece to be processed is relatively static.
The difference between turning and milling:
Turning is used to process the parts of the rotary body. The parts are clamped on the spindle of the machine tool through the three-grip chuck, and rotated at a high speed, and then the turning tool is used to move the tool according to the generatrix of the rotary body to cut out the shape of the product. The lathe can also process inner holes, threads, bites, etc., and the latter two are processed at low speed.
Processing technology
(1) Curve contours on the workpiece, straight lines, arcs, threads or helical curves, especially non-circular curves and list curves given by mathematical expressions.
(2) The spatial curve or surface for which the mathematical model has been given.
(3) Although the shape is simple, it has many dimensions and is difficult to detect.
(4) It is difficult to observe, control and detect the inner cavity and the inside of the box when processing with ordinary machine tools.
(5) Holes or planes with strict size requirements.
(6) Simple surfaces or shapes that can be machined in one clamping.
(7) The use of CNC milling can effectively improve the productivity and reduce the labor intensity of the general processing content.
The main processing objects suitable for CNC milling are as follows: plane contour parts, variable bevel parts, space surface contour parts, holes and threads, etc.
Operation points
1. Operators should wear tight overalls with tight cuffs; female workers should wear protective caps; protective glasses should be worn during high-speed milling; masks should be worn when milling cast iron parts; gloves are strictly prohibited during operation to prevent hands from being involved in rotating tools between the workpiece.
2. Before operation, check whether the components and safety devices of the milling machine are safe and reliable; check whether the electrical parts of the equipment are safe and reliable.
3. When loading and unloading the workpiece, the worktable should be retreated to a safe position. When using the wrench to tighten the workpiece, the direction of force should avoid the milling cutter to prevent the wrench from hitting the tool or fixture when it slips.
4. When assembling and disassembling the milling cutter, use a special pad to cushion it, and do not directly hold the milling cutter with your hands.
5. When milling irregular workpieces and using vise, indexing head and special fixture to hold the workpiece, the center of gravity of the irregular workpiece and the vise, indexing head, special fixture, etc. should be placed in the middle of the worktable as much as possible to avoid The worktable is unevenly stressed and deformed.
6. During fast or automatic feed milling, it is not allowed to move the worktable to two extremes, so as not to squeeze the screw.
7. When the machine tool is running, it is not allowed to adjust, measure the workpiece and change the lubrication method, so as to prevent the hand from touching the tool and bumping the finger.
8. Before the rotation of the milling cutter is completely stopped, it cannot be braked by hand.
9. Do not remove the chips by hand during milling, and do not blow with your mouth to prevent the chips from damaging the skin and eyes.
10. When the motor is fast-feeding, the handwheel clutch should be opened to prevent the handwheel from rotating rapidly and hurting people.
11. When reversing the worktable, the reversing handle must be stopped at the middle position first, and then reversing, and direct reversing is not allowed.
12. When milling keyway shafts or cutting thin workpieces, be careful not to damage the indexing head or work table.
13. When milling a plane, a cutter head with more than four cutter heads must be used, and an appropriate cutting amount must be selected to prevent the machine tool from vibrating during milling.
14. After work, stop the worktable in the middle position, and the lifting table falls to the lowest position.
15. For CNC vertical milling machines, pre-selection of items such as work program, spindle speed, tool feed, tool movement trajectory and continuous offside should be carried out according to the process requirements before work. Put the electrical knob to the "correct" position for a test run. After confirming that there is no problem, put the electrical knob to the automatic or semi-automatic position for work.
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